White Bumps On Face

Important Note: Tinea versicolor may occur in pregnant women, but the condition is restored after the hormone levels are back to normal.

White Bumps on Face: Milia and 7 Other Causes

William Truswell, MD, is a board-certified facial plastic surgeon and otolaryngology (head and neck) surgeon. He is president of the American Board of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and treats skin cancer patients as part of his practice.

Table of Contents
Table of Contents

Hard bumps on your face that won’t pop can be caused by many things. White bumps called milia are the most common cause, but hard bumps can also be from closed pores, cysts, keratoses, skin cancer, and more.

These white bumps can appear on your face under your eyes, on your cheek, forehead, chin, or nose. White bumps on the face become more common with age and during pregnancy.

This article looks at common and not-so-common causes of white bumps on the face and other areas of skin, how you can identify them, and how to get rid of them.

Milia

Milia are white, raised, hard bumps that look like grains of sand trapped under the skin. While they are typically small (only about 1 to 2 millimeters in diameter), some can be larger.

Milia can appear anywhere on the face, but are most common around the eyes and on the cheeks, nose, and forehead.

These bumps develop when a plug of oil and dead skin cells filled with keratin (the protein that makes up your skin, hair, and nails) becomes trapped just beneath the skin’s surface. The white bump you see is this plug showing through a thin layer of skin.

Milia are incredibly common. If you have a small white bump on the face, there’s a good chance it’s a milium (the singular term for milia).

Luckily, milia are completely harmless.

How to Get Rid of Milia

Milia often resolve on their own and there is no medical reason to treat milia. Don’t try to extract them at home, but you can help speed up their disappearance.

One recommended at-home regimen for clearing up milia is to give yourself an at-home facial. Start by washing your face with a gentle soap. Rinse well then pat your face dry. Next, steam your face for 5 to 8 minutes then rinse with lukewarm water.

Exfoliating can also help milia resolve. Keep in mind that exfoliating can be harsh on delicate facial skin and should not be done too often. Try exfoliating once a week with a product that contains citric acid, glycolic acid, or salicylic acid.

If these at-home milia treatments do not work or you want faster results, see a dermatologist. Topical retinoids are also commonly prescribed to treat these white bumps. In addition, a dermatologist may be able to manually extract milia using special tools.

Clogged Pores

Clogged pores, also known as comedones , are another cause of bumps on the face.

They are small, usually white or skin-colored, and give the skin a rough and uneven appearance. The white color you see is a plug of oil trapped inside the pore.

Comedones are actually a type of non-inflamed acne blemish. Like milia, they are extremely common, especially in people with oily skin.

Comedones aren’t serious, but sometimes they can progress to larger, inflamed pimples. They can be annoying enough that you will probably want to treat them.

How to Unclog Pores

Mild comedonal acne can be treated with OTC acne products containing salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide.

If OTC products aren’t working well, pay a visit to a healthcare provider or dermatologist. They can help you devise a treatment plan for comedonal acne.

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

Sebaceous hyperplasia may look like acne, but it is actually overgrown sebaceous (oil) glands.

These glands are found in the deeper layers of the skin and are responsible for making the oil (technically called sebum) to keep your skin moist and lubricated.

When the sebaceous glands become enlarged, they push up toward the surface of the skin and create a white, yellowish, or skin-colored bump. The bumps can be either soft or hard.

Sebaceous hyperplasia is common over the age of 40. Though it can sometimes look like milia, you can easily tell the difference: Sebaceous hyperplasia bumps have a depressed area in the middle and milia do not.

However, this type of blemish can look very similar to basal cell skin cancer and it’s hard to differentiate between the two.

Have a healthcare provider take a look at your skin to make sure you get the right diagnosis.

Treatment of Sebaceous Hyperplasia

Because sebaceous hyperplasia is harmless, there’s no pressing reason to treat it.

But if the bumps bother you, they can be treated with prescription medications and/or an in-office procedure called electrodessication.

Sebaceous Cysts

Sebaceous cysts are white, yellow, or flesh-colored soft bumps under the skin. They often appear on the face, neck, or scalp, but can also develop on the shoulders or back.

These cysts are like small sacks under the surface of the skin that are filled with keratin or oil. They form around a sebaceous gland when its opening becomes blocked.

Unlike sebaceous hyperplasia, where the bumps are firmly attached to the skin, sebaceous cysts move freely when you push on them—almost as if a little water balloon was underneath the surface of the skin.

Small sebaceous cysts typically don’t hurt, unless they become infected. Larger cysts can cause some pressure or pain.

Getting Rid of Sebaceous Cysts

Treatment depends on the cyst. Some small cysts are treatable with steroid injections, while others may need to be drained or surgically removed.

Seborrheic Keratoses

Seborrheic keratoses are another common, and harmless, type of skin blemish. These growths start as a small bump but can grow to larger than an inch in diameter.

Seborrheic keratoses are most often brown in color, but they can sometimes be white or skin-colored, especially in their early stages. They can appear on the face and nearly anywhere else on the body.

The key identifying factor here is that seborrheic keratoses look like a drip of wax or blob of clay stuck to the skin. They also almost look as if they could be pulled off.

These benign skin growths are more common in people who are middle-aged or older. Younger people very rarely get seborrheic keratoses.

Treatment of Seborrheic Keratosis

Seborrheic keratoses are harmless, but can be removed by your healthcare provider if they bother you.

Common removal techniques include:

• Cryotherapy
• Electrosurgery and curettage, where the healthcare provider uses electric current to kill the growth before scraping it off the skin

Actinic Keratoses

Actinic keratoses develop because of damage caused by UV rays. As such, they’re mostly found in sun-exposed areas of the skin, including the face, ears, neck, shoulders, scalp, and the backs of the hands.

These types of growths are more common as you age.

Actinic keratoses often start out as just a rough, scaly patch on the skin. As they progress, they turn into crusty, hard bumps on the skin. They can be white, red, brown, or skin-colored.

Actinic keratoses are considered pre-cancerous lesions because they can develop into skin cancer if left untreated. If your white bump is crusty or scaly looking, have it checked out by your healthcare provider as soon as possible.

Removal and Treatment Options

Actinic keratoses can be successfully treated or removed with either topical medications or in-office procedures.

A dermatologist may be needed to remove isolated lesions with treatments such as:

• Cryosurgery
• Medicated creams
• Chemical peels
• Laser surgery

If you have multiple lesions or if they are widespread, they may prescribe medicated creams or gels.

Photodynamic therapy may be recommended if widespread lesions are on your face or scalp. This is the use of a light-sensitive drug and light exposure, usually from a laser, to destroy affected skin cells.

Skin Cancer

One of the more serious causes of white bumps on the skin is skin cancer. While not as common as the other causes, basal cell skin cancer can show up on the skin as a pearly white bump. The bumps may also be pink, red, brown, or skin-colored.

Basal cell skin cancer can also just look like a rough, scaly patch or a sore that doesn’t heal.

Just like actinic keratoses, basal cell skin cancer is caused by excessive sun exposure. Wearing sunscreen every day cuts your risk of developing it.

Treating Skin Cancer

Basal cell skin cancer grows slowly and is very treatable, especially when it’s caught early. The most common treatment is surgical removal, but your healthcare provider could recommend radiation, cryotherapy, or even immunotherapy or chemotherapy.

Xanthelasma

Xanthelasma causes white-to-yellow, irregularly shaped bumps on the eyelids or around the eyes. Milia are also common around the eyes, but they are dome-shaped.

People with xanthelasma often have high blood cholesterol levels. The bumps are actually made up of cholesterol deposits under the skin and are sometimes referred to as cholesterol bumps because of this.

Xanthelasma isn’t very common, but it won’t go away on its own.

Getting Rid of Xanthelasma Bumps

Xanthelasma isn’t harmful, but you may want to have it treated for cosmetic reasons.

These bumps can be removed with:

• Surgery
• Laser treatment
• Cryotherapy

When to Call the Healthcare Provider

There are other reasons you may have white bumps on your skin. Although they aren’t as common as the aforementioned blemishes, they can be more serious.

See your regular healthcare provider and/or a dermatologist if the bump(s):

• Appeared very quickly
• Are covering a large area of your skin
• Are spreading or getting larger
• Itch, bleed, or cause pain
• Have been there for a long time and are not getting any better

Also see your healthcare provider if:

• You’re not certain what the bumps are
• You know what the bumps are, but you just need help treating them

Once you know exactly what’s causing the white bumps on your skin, you can begin treating them appropriately.

Summary

White bumps on the skin can have many different causes. Most are likely just clogged pores or milia, and many don’t require any treatment. However, others may be a cause for concern.

Even though your bump(s) may perfectly fit one of the descriptions offered here, it’s best to see a healthcare provider to get a proper diagnosis if any of the points in the list above are true in your case.

They would rather see you for something that ends up being harmless than miss out on the chance to catch something that is problematic as early as possible.

If it does end up being skin cancer, detecting it early on means it will likely be easier to treat.

A Word From Verywell

Your skin changes with age, with sun exposure, and so on. While some changes are to be anticipated, any change to your body can be worrisome—and maybe even unwelcome.

Remember that, in most cases of white bumps, there is no reason to be alarmed. If your healthcare provider evaluates your skin and deems that treatment is medically unnecessary, great. But if white bumps are bothering you for cosmetic reasons, speak up and ask about your options.

Part of your overall wellness is feeling your best about yourself. There may be some treatments that can help address bumps that you’d rather not have.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why am I suddenly getting milia?

Milia occur when dead skin cells do not fall off and instead become trapped and harden under new skin. If you are suddenly getting milia it can be due to changes in your skincare routine, aging, pregnancy, or skin damage, such as sunburn.

Can you pop milia?

No, you should not pop milia. These white bumps are harmless and typically go away on their own over time. However, if you are concerned about milia, see a dermatologist.

13 Sources

Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

1. Avhad G, Ghate S, Dhurat R. Milia en plaque. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2014;5(4):550-1. doi:10.4103/2229-5178.142573
2. Gold MH, Baldwin H, Lin T. Management of comedonal acne vulgaris with fixed-combination topical therapy. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2018;17(2):227-231. doi:10.1111/jocd.12497
3. Cleveland Clinic. Sebaceous Cysts.
4. Zuber TJ. Minimal excision technique for epidermoid (sebaceous) cysts. Am Fam Physician. 2002;65(7):1409-12, 1417-8, 1420.
5. Wollina U. Seborrheic Keratoses – The Most Common Benign Skin Tumor of Humans. Clinical presentation and an update on pathogenesis and treatment options. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018;6(11):2270-2275. doi:10.3889/oamjms.2018.460
6. American Academy of Dermatology Association. Actinic keratoses: diagnosis and treatment.
7. Dodds A, Chia A, Shumack S. Actinic keratosis: rationale and management. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2014;4(1):11-31. doi:10.1007/s13555-014-0049-y
8. Skin Cancer Foundation. Actinic Keratosis Treatment.
9. Lanoue J, Goldenberg G. Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review of Existing and Emerging Nonsurgical Therapies. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2016;9(5):26-36.
10. American Cancer Society. Treating Basal Cell Carcinoma.
11. Nair PA, Singhal R. Xanthelasma palpebrarum – a brief review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2018;11:1-5. doi:10.2147/CCID.S130116
12. American Cancer Society. Can Basal and Squamous Cell Skin Cancers Be Found Early?
13. Cleveland Clinic. Milia.

By Angela Palmer
Angela Palmer is a licensed esthetician specializing in acne treatment.

5 Causes Of White Spots On Face And How To Manage Them

This blog post is based on scientific evidence, written and fact checked by our doctors.

Our team of dermatologists and formulators strive to be objective, unbiased and honest.

This article contains scientific references. The numbers in the parentheses are clickable links to research papers from reputed academic organizations.

Listen to this article Your browser does not support the audio element.

We understand, white spots on the face can be irritating! Be it the patches of discoloration, the small bumps or all the different forms they come in.

The good news is that these spots have effective treatments. Read on to know more about them.

Highlights:

• Milia
• Pityriasis Alba
• Vitiligo
• Tinea Versicolor
• Idiopathic Guttate Hypomelanosis
• When To See A Doctor?
• Frequently Asked Questions About Spots On The Face

1. Milia

Milia are small, white, raised, painless, fluid-filled bumps that develop on the surface of your skin. Usually seen in babies, milia are also found in adults. (1).

Milia are 1–4 mm wide and usually appear around the eyes, cheeks and nose. They are generally white or yellow in color, often painless, and are not harmful. For some people, however, they may cause discomfort.

Milia can be categorized as either primary or secondary. While Primary milia occurs when keratin gets trapped under your skin and forms a fluid-filled sac, secondary milia develops from trauma like dermabrasion, tissue damage, skin inflammation, etc. Secondary milia can also occur due to side effects of some medications.

Causes:

Milk spots on face are formed when keratin (a protein in the upper layer of the skin) and dead skin cells get trapped below the skin surface. Milia can manifest due to an allergic reaction to a harsh skincare product or due to sun exposure.

In some cases, people may develop a rare condition known as milia en plaque. In this condition, milia are surrounded by areas of raised, red, scaly, itchy skin. Researchers aren’t sure of any known cause behind this, but believe it to be a sign of discoid lupus erythematosus, a chronic skin condition of sores with inflammation and scarring on the face, scalp, and ears (2).

Treatments:

Doctors suggest retinoid creams and ointments, especially those with 0.1 percent tretinoin, as the primary treatment method. Others include:

Extraction of keratin:A certified dermatologist will use a medical grade needle to extract the keratin.

Retinoid cream: This can be used on areas other than those surrounding the eyes.

Microdermabrasion: Upper layers of the affected area are removed.

Cryotherapy: In this treatment, liquid nitrogen is used to freeze the milia for removal.

Curettage: Your doctor numbs the area, removes the milia, then seals the skin with a hot wire.

2. Pityriasis Alba

Pityriasis Alba (latin: scaly patches) is a non-cancerous skin condition that causes flaky, scaly, itchy red patches of discolored skin that turns into pale white spots over time when healed. The skin condition usually affects the face. However, it can impact areas like the neck, shoulders, and arms.

According to a research study on Pityriasis Alba-Common Disease, Pityriasis Alba (PA) tends to develop in children between the ages of 3 and 16. It affects between 1.9% and 5.25% adolescent children (3). It’s also common in children with atopic dermatitis.

PA often occurs in children who take hot baths frequently or those who are exposed to the sun without any protection. However, there is no strong evidence to prove if these factors cause it.

Pityriasis alba is non-contagious (4) and in most cases goes away by early adulthood.

Note:

In some instances, pityriasis alba can be confused with vitiligo. The patches are not completely depigmented in pityriasis alba whereas in vitiligo the patches are typically white in color which means there is complete loss of pigmentation. A doctor can help you differentiate between the two.

Causes:

Researchers are not sure about the exact cause of PA, but they suppose it to be a mild form of eczema which is caused by an overactive immune system responding aggressively to irritants (5).

Treatment:

Thinking about how to get rid of pityriasis alba? Pityriasis Alba clears on its own and does not require medical attention. Your doctor may suggest applying moisturizer and topical steroid like hydrocortisone to reduce the itchiness, if any. (6)

In some cases, your doctor may also ask to use a nonsteroid cream like pimecrolimus to relieve scaling, dryness, and tacrolimus ointment, calcineurin inhibitors to restore your skin’s color (7) (8). However, if you think that the spots are persistent or itchy, consult your doctor for a topical prescription medication to reduce the inflammation.

To minimize the appearance of white patches on the skin, you can resort to home remedies using natural ingredients such as aloe vera, neem oil, honey, apple cider vinegar, basil, etc. You can apply freshly extracted aloe vera on the white patches or honey on the white spots. Neem oil too can help in managing white patches on your skin.

SkinKraft Tip:

Despite these treatment methods, there are chances that these patches recur. So make sure you use the prescribed creams and consult your doctor for further diagnosis.

3. Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a skin condition that causes loss of your skin color in patches. It occurs when melanocytes (specialized skin cells) stop making melanin (9) (10). Melanin is the pigment that gives color to your skin, hair, and eyes. Without melanin, white patches form.

The patches appear in places where the melanocytes that make skin pigment are destroyed. These milky white patches usually develop above your eyes, neck or hands and can even affect the inside of your mouth, scalp. They may grow in size or spread to other parts of your body over time (11). This condition however is neither painful nor itchy.

American Osteopathic College of Dermatology states that vitiligo affects an estimated 1% of the world’s population. It affects both male and females, but is more commonly noticed in people with darker skin tones. However, since the affected areas of the skin lack pigment, it may be noticed even in fair-skinned people. Most people first notice skin vitiligo in their 20s. (12)

Causes:

Researchers are not sure about the causes of vitiligo. A study by Karger suggests this condition may be the result of an autoimmune disorder that causes the body’s immune system to mistakenly attack the healthy cells. People who have other autoimmune diseases, such as hypothyroidism or alopecia areata, may have an increased risk of developing vitiligo, and people with vitiligo may have an increased risk of developing another autoimmune disease (13).

Doctors believe that vitiligo on cheeks forms when antibodies that destroy melanin are produced in the body. People with a family history of vitiligo have a high chance of getting it.

Treatment:

The choice of treatment completely depends on your age, how much skin is involved and where, the pace in which the condition is progressing, and its severity.

Medications and light-based therapies can help restore your skin color or even out skin tone, however, the results vary. Some treatments can have serious side effects too which is why it’s important to consult your dermatologist first.

Some of the treatments include:

1. Medications

There are no drugs that can stop the process of vitiligo. But some of them can help restore your skin tone. Applying a corticosteroid cream to the affected skin might return the color. This is most effective when vitiligo is still in its early stages.

Doctors may prescribe milder forms of the drug especially for children and people who have large areas of discolored skin.

For people whose condition shows rapid progress, corticosteroid pills or injections can be an option. On the other hand, people who have small areas of depigmentation might be given calcineurin inhibitor ointments, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) or pimecrolimus (Elidel) (14).

2. Therapies

A. Light therapy: Phototherapy with narrow band ultraviolet B (UVB) has been shown to slow down the progression of active vitiligo (15). This is more effective when used with corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors. You might need to do this therapy two to three times a week. You may start noticing the change between the first and the third month.

B. Combining oral psoralen and light therapy: This treatment is aimed at treating large areas of skin with vitiligo. It works best for people with vitiligo in the areas of the head, neck, upper arms and legs.

3. Surgery

Skin grafting: Here, the doctor transfers small sections of your healthy, pigmented skin to areas that have lost pigment. This procedure is sometimes used if you have small patches of vitiligo.

Micropigmentation: A type of tattooing that is usually applied to the lips of people affected by vitiligo.

It is advised that people with vitiligo always wear sunscreen as direct sun rays will cause damage and burn the affected skin.

4. Tinea Versicolor

Tinea versicolor is a condition in which white and shades of brown, pink spots appear on the skin that form lighter or darker patches.

They occur due to a kind of fungus on the skin and is not contagious in most cases (16).

These patches are commonly noticed on darker skin and may get larger over time. They mostly appear on the arms, chest, neck, or back. You may also experience dry, itchy, and scaly skin along with changes in your skin color.

Tinea versicolor is widespread and its symptoms are more noticeable in warm, humid environments. As per a study by Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology, this condition becomes more noticeable with a suntan and is more common in teenagers and young adults than in older people. However, children are not excluded from suffering this fungal infection.

Causes:

Tinea versicolor occurs when a type of yeast from the Malassezia family causes an infection or suppresses your immune system (17).In some cases, it can lead to a rash.

This condition happens when the yeast grows rapidly on the surface of your skin. While doctors aren’t sure about the exact cause of this, they believe the growth of the yeast on your skin might be influenced by factors like humid weather, excessive sweating, hormonal changes, a weakened immune system, etc.

Treatment:

Over-the-counter (OTC) antifungal medications can help you get rid of the discolored patches of skin. However, you should contact your doctor if this doesn’t help.

Dermatologists recommend anti fungal creams, shampoos, soaps, etc. to treat Tinea versicolor. Antifungal medication like fluconazole can also be used to stop and prevent this condition.(18)

Some of the OTC medications that can be used to treat tinea versicolor include clotrimazole (Lotrimin AF, Mycelex), miconazole (Monistat, M-Zole), selenium sulfide, etc. (19)

Your doctor may also prescribe topical creams such as ciclopirox (Loprox, Penlac) (20) ketoconazole (Extina, Nizoral), etc. These creams can be applied directly to your skin.

Your doctor may also prescribe pills such as itraconazole (Onmel, Sporanox) to treat tinea versicolor (21).

Important Note:

Tinea versicolor may occur in pregnant women, but the condition is restored after the hormone levels are back to normal.

5. Idiopathic Guttate Hypomelanosis

Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (IGH) is often called sunspots which present as white, small spots on your skin that receive more exposure to the sunlight. This includes legs, arms, upper back, and face. These spots range from 1–10 mm in size, are usually painless, benign, and don’t cause any symptoms.

Did You Know?

IGH usually affects women older than 40, but can happen to anyone with increasing age. (22).

A study by the National Center for Biotechnology Information stated that IGH more commonly occurs in fair-skinned, elderly people. However, it may happen in women at younger ages than it does in men.

While too much exposure to the sun without protection can contribute to the risk of skin cancer, sunspots in themselves do not indicate the development of cancer.

Causes:

Although researchers aren’t sure as to what causes Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis it is believed to be related to prolonged UV exposure. Genetics may also play a role.

Treatment:

Topical steroids can be used to reduce skin inflammation. Retinoids work by stimulating cell growth and hyperpigmentation.

There are only a few options that you can resort to for treating sun spots after they appear. However, if you wish to minimize their appearance, talk to your doctor about laser treatments.

Most white spots are harmless and you can stop wondering what they are. But consider making a visit to your dermatologist when the spots begin to grow in size or spread.

When To See A Doctor?

White spots in general are not a cause of concern and mostly go away on their own. You can follow the doctor-prescribed medicines, ointments, or creams to treat them.

However, if you are not sure about the symptoms, notice any changes in the appearance of the spots, or experience pain or severe itching, see your doctor immediately to diagnose and prevent any possible underlying conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions About Spots On The Face

1. Which vitamin deficiency causes white spots on the face?

Small white spots on the skin can indicate a deficiency of vitamin B12 in the body. This deficiency can lead to low levels of melatonin, contributing to the white spots on your skin including your face.

Other than this, deficiencies in vitamins D and vitamin E can also cause white patches on the skin.

2. Does lack of calcium cause white spots on the face?

Yes, calcium deficiency can lead to white spots on the face. Doctors recommend eating a healthy diet for boosting the immune system. It is believed that a strong immune system can prevent the spread of the depigmentation.

3. How long does it take for white spots on your face to go away?

In most cases, white spots on the skin do not require medical treatment and they go away on their own. However, the time taken to treat them entirely depends on what causes them, their severity. It’s best to consult your doctor to determine the best treatment.

Wrapping Up

White spots on the skin may occur when skin proteins get trapped under the skin’s surface, develop as a result of depigmentation, or due to the loss of skin color, and a variety of health conditions. They are usually harmless and can be treated easil at home. However, it’s important that you get them checked by a dermatologist to find out the exact cause and best ways to treat them.

References

2. Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Diagnosis and treatment (2013)

3. Infantile pityriasis alba and comorbid disorders (2009)

4. Pityriasis Alba-Common Disease, Enigmatic Entity: Up-to-Date Review of the Literature (2015)

5. Pityriasis Alba (2021)

6. Pityriasis Alba (2021)

7. Tacrolimus ointment 0.1% in pityriasis alba: An open-label, randomized, placebo-controlled study (2006)

8. An exploratory study to determine the efficacy of 1% pimecrolimus cream in the treatment of pityriasis alba (2005)

9. Vitiligo (2021)

10. Melanocytes and Their Diseases (2014)

11. Vitiligo: More than skin deep (2019)

12. Adult Onset Vitiligo: Multivariate Analysis Suggests the Need for a Thyroid Screening (2016)

13. Vitiligo and Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders (2017)

14. Treatment Outcomes of Topical Calcineurin Inhibitor Therapy for Patients With Vitiligo (2019)

15. What Is New in Narrow-Band Ultraviolet-B Therapy for Vitiligo? (2019)

16. Treatment of pityriasis versicolor in the United States (2004)

17. Malassezia—Can it be Ignored? (2015)

18. Tinea versicolor: Overview (2014)

19. Topical Treatment of Common Superficial Tinea Infections (2002)

20. Treatment of tinea versicolor with a new antifungal agent, ciclopirox olamine cream 1% (1985)

21. Itraconazole in tinea versicolor: a review (1985)

22. A clinical study of idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis and its association with diabetes mellitus (2021)

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