An anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) test determines the amount of AMH in a blood sample. In men, AMH is produced by the testes (or test balls). This is considered the gland that man produces with sperm. hormones For women, the ovaries are the glands where AMH is produced. The ovary is the gland from which the testes and the female are formed hormones are made.
AMH plays different roles in males and females, and the value of normal AMH depends on gender and age.
In the fetus, AMH can assist in the formation of male and female reproductive organs. The genus of the fetus is determined by the chromosomes they inherit from their own guardians. Male babies have XY chromosomes and female boys have XX chromosomes. However, their reproductive organs and genitalia form, by hormones , including AMH.
In the first few weeks of pregnancy, both male and female babies have a series of channels (tubes) called Müller ducts (Müller channels). Male babies usually have increased AMH content in their egg tissue; Amh forces the Müllerian ducts to fuse, which can help male organs grow; AMH values begin to shrink and remain highest in male babies until puberty.
The value of the fetus is much lower. This allows Muller’s duct to develop in the uterus, weak fallopian tubes, and upper lobes of the vagina.Amh remains low in boys. During puberty, the follicles in the ovaries begin to make more AMH. The follicle is a small pouch in the ovary with a gastric test circle.
In a healthy woman of fertile age, more AMH means that the ovaries have more supply of eggs. As a woman gets older, the number of egg cells becomes smaller and the AMH value becomes lower. In menopause, there are no TEST circles left and the AMH value is zero.
Other names: AMH hormone Test, Müllerian inhibition hormone Mih, Müllerian inhibitory torque, MIF, Müllerian inhibitory substance, mass.
What is it used for?
The AMH test is often used in conjunction with other tests to draw conclusions regarding the treatment of infertility in women (inability to conceive). If there is infertility treatment, the AMH test is used to
- Check the number of egg cells still present in the ovaries. This is called the “Ovar Reserve”. It is not that bad for your Ovarian Reserve as you get older; the AMH test can tell you how large the OVAR Reserve is, but it cannot predict the health of your eggs or whether they are likely to get heavier.
- Predict how perfectly you will respond to fertility medications. Your ovaries usually prepare one tuning ball for insemination all month. When you have a baby using vitro fertilization (IVF), your doctor will administer fertility drugs to ensure that your ovaries prepare numerous egg cells at the same time. The egg cells are removed and combined with sperm to create an embryo outside the body. The embryos are then frozen or placed in the uterus to initiate pregnancy; testing the AMH value helps the physician determine what fertility medications to apply to get the best response.
In women, the AMH test can still be used.
- Discover if you are approaching menopause or have already started. As you approach menopause, testicular shrinkage and AMH levels decrease; AMH values can be used to test for early menopause (before age 40) and early menopause (before age 45). However, the AMH test does not predict actual menopause. The average age of menopause is 52 years.
- AMH tests can be used to help diagnose and maintain ovarian problems that cause an increase in AMH. These include
- Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal Conditions that are more likely to cause infertility.
- Certain forms of ovarian cancer.
The AMH test can be used for boys.
- It examines whether a healthy test circle is present in the baby or whether the baby is with a baby that may have undescended eggs. This is a condition in which the egg cells are unable to migrate from the abdomen to the pubic fascia where they develop prenatally. Healthy eggs in the male are AMH production in the baby. Thus, a normal AMH value means that the baby has healthy, working eggs but did not fall into the scrotum. In most cases, AMH is considered a symptom of other criteria and more testing is urgently needed.
- Be more aware of children born with genitalia that are clearly neither male nor female. This situation is called “atypical genitalia”. In the past it was called “ambiguous genitalia” or “intersex”. There are numerous types of atypical genitalia with different preconditions. For example, issues such as AMH hormones Along with males, babies have the opportunity to develop internal female reproductive organs and external genitalia that are not normally visible; AMH analysis can indicate whether the baby is using egg material. This information can help diagnose the basis of the problem. The analysis is usually performed in combination with other tests, such as chromosome studies. hormone The test and ultrasound will look for the presence of genitalia or glands in the body.
Why is an AMH test needed?
If you are a woman, you may need an AMH test if you
- You have difficulty with fertility. Maybe you need an AMH test:
- Find out if your testicular inventory is considered normal for your age.
- You are planning to cure with vitro insemination (IVF): a high AMH value means you will probably respond to fertility medications and probably only need a lower dose; a low AMH value means you will need a larger dose to respond; a low AMH value means you will need a higher dose to respond; a high AMH value means you will probably need a higher dose to respond.
- Irregular or no menstrual periods (amenorrhea)
- Acne
- Too much hair on face, chest, abdomen, or thighs
- Hair loss on the head (alopecia in men)
- Weight gain
- Dark spots on skin
Male children or infants who do not have testicles in their scrotum may need an AMH test to determine if they have healthy testicles in their body.
A child with genitalia that are clearly not male or female may require an AMH test in combination with other studies to determine the cause of the condition and to prove gender.
What happens during an AMH test?
The doctor will take blood from a vein in your arm with a small needle. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood is collected in a test tube or vial. You will feel some pressure as the needle goes in and out. This usually takes less than 5 minutes.
Do I need to prepare for the test?
No special preparation is required for the AMH test.
Are there any risks associated with the test?
There is no sufficient risk with blood testing. There may be slight soreness or bruising in the area where the needle is inserted, but most signs disappear quickly.
What do the results mean?
The results of the AMH test depend on the reason the test was done.
If you are healthy and trying to conceive, ask your doctor to tell you what your AMH test results mean for your fertility based on your age and other test results. Generally, an elevated AMH means that you have more egg cells, while an AMH tier means that your test circle supply is diminished and you are less likely to conceive.
If you have been tested for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), increased AMH content is considered a symptom of possible disease; an AMH test alone is not a diagnosis of PCOS; there is no cure for PCOS, but symptoms can be treated with medication and lifestyle changes.
If you are being tested for menopause, the AMH tier means you are approaching menopause. However, AMH test results do not predict how long it will take you to enter menopause. If your test results do not show AMH in your blood, it means you are in menopause; if you show signs of menopause at less than 40 years of age, lower than average AMH content for your age could be a symptom of major ovarian decline.
If you are being treated for ovarian cancer, a decrease in AMH usually means that your treatment is catching up; if AMH increases, it may mean that your treatment is not working or that the cancer has returned.
If a boy or baby is being tested for unfermented eggs:
- A normal AMH value means that the baby has fertilized egg cells but they are not in the proper space. This situation may be caused by surgery and/or hormone therapy.
- little or none at all, meaning that the egg cells are not functioning or have completely disappeared. This can be caused by a change (mutation) in the AMH gene. Babies can have atypical female reproductive organs with normal male genitalia.
If a baby is tested for genitalia that are clearly not masculine or feminine, the meaning of the AMH test results will depend on the results of other studies.
If you have questions about your test results, consult your Internet provider.
Provided by MedlinePlus at the State Medical Library.
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