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White blood cells definition In a general sense, it can be explained that it is a set of dim cells that form the immune system. They circulate in the lymphatic system or in the blood. They are the only ones responsible for the reactions that occur in the body when strange little organisms find their way inside. What is a white blood cell?
Definition of White Blood Cells
The immune system contains cells involved in the defense of the human body against foreign invasion and disease. These cells are called leukocytes or white blood cells. Hematopoietic stem cells are pluripotent cells found in the bone marrow and are responsible for the production of white blood cells. White blood cells can occur anywhere in the body in the lymphatic system and in the blood.
The number of white blood cells in the blood can almost always be a sign of infection. As a general rule, the white blood cell count should be between 4 and 11 x 109/l. In the United States this is expressed as the fact that there are 4000-11000 white blood cells per microliter. In a healthy adult body, leukocytes are 1% of the blood size. When the number of white blood cells or leukocytes is above the upper limit, people talk about leukocytosis; below the lower limit, they talk about leukopenia.
The Five Faces of White Blood Cells
Because you know your white blood cells definition We owe it to you to clarify that there are five types of leukocytes. They distinguish themselves through their various functions and physiological characteristics.
1. neutrophils
Neutrophils are 10-12 µm in diameter, elegant and bright pink in color. They form 60-70% of circulating leukocytes and are more widespread. Neutrophils protect the body against fungal and bacterial infections. They are the first to react to any kind of microbial infection and as a result of their death and work, PUS is created. They are usually called PMN (polynuclear) leukocytes. Their core consists of 3 to 5 lobes connected by fine channels. Based on this, they seem to have a certain number of cores, giving them the name polymorphonuxleat. In a technical sense, however, PMN refers to all granulocytes. Their cytoplasm is not colored and they are not ready for self-renewal, so they die after the phagocytic action of some pathogens.
2. eosinophile
Eosinophiles are 10-12 µm in diameter and pink-orange in color. They form only 2-4% of the total number of white blood cells. However, this number often changes daily and during menstruation. In addition, their number is increased in allergic reactions, collagenosis, parasitic infections, splenic disease, and the central nervous system. They do not literally appear in the blood, but comprise the mucous membranes of the digestive, respiratory, and urinary tracts. They primarily fight parasitic infections, but also control allergic reactions such as asthma. Eosinophiles produce chemicals that kill large parasites such as tapeworms and nematodes that cannot pay.Eosinophiles have dual cores connected by narrow filaments.
3. basophil
The most important function of basophiles is to react to RH factors and allergic reactions. They are considered the smallest number of leukocytes, accounting for 0.5% of the total number. They have coarse, purple granules that give them a blue color. They have a trilobate core. They make heparin and histamine. Histamine dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow to the area it damages. It also increases the permeability of blood vessels so that coagulation proteins and neutrophils can simply move. Heparin, on the other hand, prevents the formation of blood clots. This is because it is considered an anticoagulant and facilitates the movement from white blood cells to specific chambers. It also gives a chemical signal that ensures the movement of bacteriophilic and eosinophilic agents to the infected area.
4. lymphocytes
Lymphocytes are found primarily in the lymphatic system instead of the blood. Their cytoplasm is relatively small and has a deep colored core in the middle. Lymphocytes include.
- B cells produce antibodies that bind to, block, and destroy pathogens. They also activate the complement system.
- T Cells: There are three types of T cells
– CD4+ TH (T-helper) cells, which bind Rh factor peptide, and helper T cells, which regulate immunity and produce cytokines.
CD8+ cytotoxic T cells bind to and destroy antigens in the MHC I ensemble of tumor or viral cells.
Natural killer cells destroy cells that lack MHC class I molecules or have stress tags such as sequences associated with MHC class I polypeptide A.
– Gamma-delta T cells are more commonly found in tissues than in blood. They have similar characteristics to helper T cells, natural killer cells, and cytotoxic T cells.
5. monocytes
Monocytes have the same function as neutrophils, but they do not simply die. They still have the auxiliary function of presenting parts of the pathogen to T cells so that they can be re-identified and destroyed. They contain a kidney-shaped core, and over time, the blood is frozen by tissue microphages that fight the microbes by moving the dead cells.
Leukocyte-related problems
If you want perfect leukocyte awareness. definition You need to aristocratize the correct information. For example, a low white blood cell count means that cells die before they are replaced in the body, making you more susceptible to deadly diseases. Even if the count is very high, it indicates deformity. Some other common problems associated with white blood cells include
- Immunocompromised: this is thought to be the result of HIV/AIDS or the healing of a cancer that destroys white blood cells.
- Infection: a high white blood cell count means that the body is fighting an infection.
- Myelodysplastic syndromes cause abnormal production of cells in the bone marrow.
- Blood cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma cause an increase in abnormal blood cells, increasing the risk of bleeding and infection.
- Myeloproliferative disorders are caused by diseases that result in excessive production of immature cells. This can result in a much higher or lower white blood cell count.
